Metal Lamps from Olbia and Tyras
Keywords:
ancient settlements, Olbia, Tyras, Metal lamps, Prototypes, Roman presence.
Abstract
Metal lamps from Olbia and Tyras, unique finds in the ancient settlements, are presented in the article. There are four Tyrian and six Olbian items of different time periods: from the 6th century BC to 6th century AD. The dating of the lamps was performed not only based on their morphology, but also on found analogies made of metal and clay. Bronze and lead lamps are presented. It should be noted that the metal lighting devices served as prototypes for the clay ones, the more common and cheaper in manufacturing. The occurrence of the later examples of lamps in Olbia and Tyras can be explained by the Roman presence in the designated region and by other factors. The article complements the catalogue with detailed description, lamps parameters, as well as storing places of the finds.
References
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Levy E.I. Materialy olviiskogo temenosa (obshchaia kharakteristika). Olviia. Temenos i ahora. Moskva; Leningrad, 1964, pp. 131-174.
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Rimskoe isskustvo i kultura. Vystavka Rimsko-Germanskogo muzeia goroda Kelna. Keln, 1984.
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Loeschcke S. Lampen aus Vindonissa. Zurich, 1919.
Menzel H. Antike Lampen im Romisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseum zu Mainz. Mainz, 1954.
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Popa A., Musteaţă S. Romerzeitliche Lampenfunde aus der heutigen Republik Moldau. Ein Beitrag zum Corpus romischer Funde im Barbaricum. Lychnological acts 2. Trade and local production of lamps from the prehistory until the middle age (Acts of 2nd international congress on ancient and middle age lighting devices, Zalău / Cluj-Napoca, 2006). Cluj-Napoca 2008. Р. 187-190.
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The Archaeology of Roman Pannonia. Budapest, 1980.
Topoleanu F. Lămpile antice din coleţiile Muzeului Judeţean de Istorie şi Arheologie Prahova Ploieşti. Ploieşti, 2012.
Touchais G. Chronique des fouilles et decouvertes archeologiques en Grece en 1985. BCH. Paris, 1986, CX, pp. 671-661.
Treister M. Bronze lamps of the hellenistic period and the first centuries A.D. in the North Pontic area. Lychnological acts, 1. Actes du 1er Congres international d’etudes sur le luminaire antique (Nyon, Geneve, 29.9. 4.10.2003) Montagnac, 2005, pp. 293-298.
Vogell A. Griechische Altertumer sudrussischen Fundorts aus dem Besitze des Herrn. Cassel, 1908.
Doroshko V.V. Antichnyie bronzovyie svetilniki iz Khersonesa Tavricheskogo. Khersonesskii sbornik. Sevastopol, 2013-2014, iss. XVIII, pp. 35-50.
Zhuravlev D.V. Svetilniki VI pervoi poloviny III v. do n. e. Kyiv, 2007 (Kollektsiia svetilnikov. vol. I).
Zabelina V.S. Antichnyie glinianyie svetilniki iz Pantikapeia. Soobshchenyia GMII im. A.S. Pushkina. 1992. 10, pp. 298-328.
Kozub Yu.I. Nekropol Olvii V-IV st. do n. e. Kyiv, 1974.
Krapivina V.V. Metalloobrabatyvaiushchaia masterskaia v Olvii i ee sviaz so sviatilishchem Afrodity. BCh. Kerch, 2007, VIII, pp. 188-194.
Krapivina V.V., Buiskykh A.V. Otchet o rabotakh na uchastke R-25 v Olvii v 2009 h. Naukovyi Arkhiv Instytuta Arkheolohii NAN Ukrainy. Kyiv, 2010.
Kuzmanov G. Antichnyie lampy. Kolektsiia na Natsionalniia arkheolohichesky muzei. Sofiia, 1992.
Levy E.I. Materialy olviiskogo temenosa (obshchaia kharakteristika). Olviia. Temenos i ahora. Moskva; Leningrad, 1964, pp. 131-174.
Onaiko N.A. Antichnyi import v Pridneprove i Pobuzhe v VII-V vekakh do n. e. Arkheologiia SSSR. Moskva, 1966, pp. 36-70.
Rimskoe isskustvo i kultura. Vystavka Rimsko-Germanskogo muzeia goroda Kelna. Keln, 1984.
Son N.A., Sorochan S.B. Antichnyie svetilniki iz Tiry. Antichnye drevnosti Severnogo Prichernomoria. Kyiv, 1988, pp. 115-133.
Sorochan S.B. Vizantiia. Paradigmy byta, soznaniia i kultury. Kharkov, 2011.
Farmakovskii B.V. Raskopki v Olvii za 1913-1915 gg. OAK. 1918, pp. 1-51.
Tsvetaeva G. A. Keramicheskoe proizvodstvo i antichnyie keramicheskie stroimaterialy. Svod arkheolohicheskikh istochnikov. 1984, pp. 123-243.
Chichikova M. Trakiiska mogilna grobnitsa ot s. Kaloianovo, Slivenski okruh (IV v. pr. n. e.). Izvestiia na Arkheologicheskiia Institut. Sofia, 1969, XXXI, pp. 45-90.
Sheiko I.M. Svitylnyky z vertykalnymy ruchkamy-petliamy z Olvii ta Borysfenu. Arkheolohiia i davnia istoriia Ukraini. Kyiv, 2015, iss. 1 (14), pp. 217-222.
Akurgal E. Alt-Smyrna. Wohnschichten und Athenatempel. Ankara, 1983, Bd. I.
Alabe F. Un nouveau modele de lampe a Delos. Bulletin de Correspondance Hellenique. 1989, vol. 113-1, pp. 319-324. https://doi.org/10.3406/bch.1989.4724
Bailey D.M. A Catalogue of the Lamps in the British Museum. London, 1988, vol. 3 (Roman Provincial Lamps).
Bailey D.M. A Catalogue of the Lamps in the British Museum. London, 1996, vol. 4 (Lamps of Metal and Stone and Lampstands).
Baur C.V. The Excavations at Dura-Europos. Part III. The Lamps. London, 1947.
Boardman J. Excavations in Chios 1952-1955. Greek Emporio. Oxford, 1967.
Bouzek J. Studies of Greek Pottery in the Black Sea Area. Prague: Charles University, 1990.
Broneer O. Terracotta lamps. Corinth. Cambridge, 1930, vol. IV, 2. https://doi.org/10.2307/4452269
Bruneau P. Exploration archeologique de Delos. 1970, no. XXVII.
Cahn-Klaiber E.M. Die antiken Tonlampen des Archaologischen Instituts der Universitat Tubingen. Tubingen, 1977.
Deneauve T. Lampes de Carthage. Paris, 1969. https://doi.org/10.3406/etaf.1968.884
Genito M.C.G. Lucerne fittili delle collezioni del Museo civico archeologico di Bologna. Bologna, 1977.
Hǿjte J.M. Lamps. The Lower City of Olbia (Sector NGS) in the 6th Century BC to the 4th Century AD. Aarchus, 2010. P. 423-437.
Hubinger U. Die antiken Lampen des Akademischen Kunstmuseums der Universitat Bonn. Berlin, 1993.
Kirsch A. Antike Lampen im Landesmuseum Mainz. Mainz am Rhein: von Zabeln, 2002.
Loeschcke S. Lampen aus Vindonissa. Zurich, 1919.
Menzel H. Antike Lampen im Romisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseum zu Mainz. Mainz, 1954.
Mlasowsky A. Die antiken Tonlampen im Kestner-Museum Hannover. Hannover, 1993.
Popa A., Musteaţă S. Romerzeitliche Lampenfunde aus der heutigen Republik Moldau. Ein Beitrag zum Corpus romischer Funde im Barbaricum. Lychnological acts 2. Trade and local production of lamps from the prehistory until the middle age (Acts of 2nd international congress on ancient and middle age lighting devices, Zalău / Cluj-Napoca, 2006). Cluj-Napoca 2008. Р. 187-190.
Shentleleky T. Ancient Lamps. Budapest, 1969.
Simion G. Opaiţe Greco-romane de bronz din Romania. Tulcea, 2003.
The Archaeology of Roman Pannonia. Budapest, 1980.
Topoleanu F. Lămpile antice din coleţiile Muzeului Judeţean de Istorie şi Arheologie Prahova Ploieşti. Ploieşti, 2012.
Touchais G. Chronique des fouilles et decouvertes archeologiques en Grece en 1985. BCH. Paris, 1986, CX, pp. 671-661.
Treister M. Bronze lamps of the hellenistic period and the first centuries A.D. in the North Pontic area. Lychnological acts, 1. Actes du 1er Congres international d’etudes sur le luminaire antique (Nyon, Geneve, 29.9. 4.10.2003) Montagnac, 2005, pp. 293-298.
Vogell A. Griechische Altertumer sudrussischen Fundorts aus dem Besitze des Herrn. Cassel, 1908.
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