Fishery of Early Slavs in the Dnipro River Middle Region (Based on Materials from Monastyrok Hill-fort)
Abstract
Based on materials from Monastyrok hill-fort, fishery of the Early Slavs from the Dnipro River (middle region) is analyzed in this paper. A comprehensive study of the circumstances in which ichthyological remains and fishing tackle were uncovered, as well as the comparative analysis of the latter was conducted. As a result, a conclusion is made that the fish-hooks belong to the Early Slavonic period of the hill-fort. In addition, owing to the work with the collections of the National Museum of Natural History of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, uncovered and attributed was the ichthyologic material from the site describing the industrial fish species in the Early Slavonic period.
Ichthyologic identification showed that at least 10 fish species of 9 genera and 5 families were encompassed into the fishery. The majority of these remains belong to fish of prey: pike, catfish, zander, and perch; sturgeons and carp fishes are represented by single bones. Numerous findings of cranium bones are indisputable evidence for fishery, but not fish import. The method of reconstruction the weight and body sizeof single fish individuals showed that big mature fishes prevailed in catch. Owing to this reconstruction, it is ascertained that both tackle for individual (with hooks), and mass (with nets) catch were used.
The data obtained convincingly prove the importance of fishery in vital activity of population at theMonastyrok hill-fort and of all the East Slavs habituating the middle region of the Dnipro River in the period from the 8th to the 13th centuries AD. The species and size diversity of industrial fish is an indirect evidence for the usage of both tackle types: of individual (with hooks) and mass (with nets) catch. Analysis of the context of the hooks’ finds testifies for their usage mainly in the Early Slavonic period of the Monastyrok hill-fort existence.
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